HOW TO PRESENT RIDDLES
Usually children like to solve riddles. They cause joy and process, and the result of this kind of competition. Riddles develop their ability to highlight the essential features of an object or phenomenon, to prove the correctness of their decision, as well as reproductive imagination (in particular, the ability to create an image of an object according to its verbal description). However, for the process of guessing the riddle to have a developmental effect, it is necessary to form certain skills in the child.
First of all, you need to teach the child to distinguish the signs of an unknown object indicated in the riddle and to compare these signs with each other. Such a comparison gradually leads to a guess. Inability to perform these actions makes it difficult to find the right answer.
So, often guesses are built on the basis of only one single sign, the most vivid and understood. Other symptoms are simply ignored. Or all the signs are taken into account, except for one, but very important. As a result, the riddle remains unsolved. It also happens that a child deliberately rejects one of the signs mentioned in the riddle if it interferes with the proposed guess, or replaces it with his own, corresponding to the apparent guess.
For a correct, well-grounded answer, the child must learn to distinguish all the signs mentioned in the riddle. Until the riddle is solved, it cannot be said which of the above signs is the most important. This can be understood only after the riddle is guessed, based on a comparison of these signs. That is why when guessing it is necessary to proceed from the fact that all the signs are necessary and equally significant.
If the child finds it difficult to find a solution, do not immediately tell the guess and do not explain the answer even if the child asks you to. Do not forget that the main thing is not in the fast pace of guessing, but in finding the right answer as a result of the correct conclusion. Quick tips make it impossible for a child to think. He gets used to ready-made answers and gradually loses interest in riddles in general.
In such cases, the answer should be brought gradually. Read the riddle again and ask the baby to name exactly what to look for, what signs of a “secret” object are already indicated in the riddle. Let him, or with your help, name all these signs. Then, think with the baby about which object may have such signs. At the same time, note that for the desired object, all these signs are important. For example, consider the following riddle about a trolley bus:
Rails in the air and he
Holds them with his hands!
The desired object here looks like a “carriage” that has “hands”, and with these hands holds “rails”.
When the answer is found, teach the child to prove the correctness of his decision. Let him name a guess and give some judgments confirming it (for example, a trolleybus is a "car" in which passengers are transported, a trolleybus has two "arms" - rods, these rods are connected to two "rails" - wires). Ask him also to name one more - two signs that are peculiar to this object, but are absent in the riddle. Compare these signs with those indicated and determine which of them are more important (significant) and which are less important (maybe even insignificant).
Guessing riddles with subsequent proof of their correctness hones and disciplines the mind, accustoming the child to clear logic, reasoning and proof. Solving puzzles develops the ability to analyze, generalize, and forms the ability to independently draw conclusions and conclusions.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and summaries
Solving puzzles develops the ability to analyze, generalize, forms the ability to independently draw conclusions, conclusions, the ability to clearly identify the most characteristic, expressive signs of the subject.
This material contains recommendations for the correct selection of puzzles for children of primary preschool age.
MUNICIPAL BUDGET PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER - KINDERGARTEN №22 ST.KAVKAZ MUNICIPAL EDUCATION CAUCASUS DISTRICT.
A riddle is a short description of an object or phenomenon, often in poetic form, containing an intricate task in the form of an explicit (direct) or presumed (hidden) question. Main feature.
A riddle is a short description of an object or phenomenon, often in poetic form, containing an intricate task in the form of an explicit (direct) or presumed (hidden) question. Main feature.
Solving riddles requires the active work of thought, search, as a prerequisite for cognitive activity. The entertaining form of the riddle makes the teaching unobtrusive, interesting.
"Misterious story
When the first puzzles appeared, it is not known. Mention of them is in ancient Greek myths, and in Russian fairy tales. Riddles most often appear as a kind of test through which the hero must pass. Through wisdom, folk wisdom, ideas about the world around us, the connection of objects and phenomena, etc. were transmitted. The attitude toward the riddle as entertainment formed much later.
Why are puzzles needed?
A riddle is a description of an object or phenomenon given in allegorical form. The object in the puzzle is not called directly. The concept of it is given through images, similar phenomena, individual signs, comparisons or denials.
Therefore, the search for an answer helps to cognize the world, develops attentiveness, observation. We teach children to solve riddles in order to instill imaginative thinking, to show the beauty of Russian speech (by the example of folk riddles). Puzzles help in mastering grammar, puzzles develop logic and quick wit.
Secrets of solving
The main thing in any task is the details. If you need to solve a riddle, you should:
- listen carefully or read, do not rush to answer,
- identify the most important signs of the object, but do not discard the secondary,
- establish a connection between signs or with other objects,
- combine these signs
- it remains to draw a conclusion, that is, to say a guess.
- at the end, you need to justify the answer to make sure it is correct.
Each age has its own puzzles
Young children perceive riddles better when they have a "guess" in front of their eyes or as an illustration in a book. After all, the kids may simply not have enough knowledge, experience comparisons. Rhymed riddles are great, where the answer suggests itself.
From the age of 4, you can resort to figurative comparisons, and later to riddles built on negation (Does not bark, does not bite, and does not let people into the house).
Younger schoolchildren love puzzles, in which the alleged rhyme is not the correct answer: Faster than anyone else rushes from fear ... (tortoise?) - a hare.
To diversify educational activities help rebuses, charades. For example, when part of a word is replaced by pictures or numbers (the word “forget-me-not” is depicted as the syllables “not” and a dog kennel).
The tasks that develop logical thinking and quick wits stand apart:
- What is lighter than 1 kg of apples or 1 kg of sand?
- What does a duck swim from?
- Petya and Sasha ran 60 km together. How much did each run?
Thus, solving puzzles is a fascinating process, the result of which can be a competition for inventing your own puzzles.
What is a riddle
Pointing to phenomena or objects, the riddle does not name them unambiguously - ideas about the world are clothed in a figurative art form. Any riddle, especially a folk one, is a small work of art. Riddles are poetic and clever, often they carry a moral idea.
At first glance, it might seem that the process of solving riddles is nothing more than fun. But it is not so.
Puzzles are considered mainly fun for children, but this lesson will be interesting for adults. Guessing is easy to turn into a fun and entertaining pastime that will contribute to the development of logical thinking and spatial imagination. Therefore, when solving puzzles with a child, one does not need to immediately prompt him an answer - and so it is clear that an adult has more knowledge. If you want to teach this to a child or an adult, it is better to have patience and help find a solution through collections and associations.
How to learn to guess
To learn how to solve riddles, you can try to observe objects and phenomena from different angles, learn to see the world in addictions, connections, colors and sounds.
The development of observation and memory, attention and a general sensory culture is the basis for the work that has to be done when solving riddles. Here, much means experience. Children can solve riddles only if they have been familiarized with the objects that are the answer in advance.
Most of the puzzles, especially those designed for children, are based on highlighting the features of the object. To find the right answer, you need to understand what characteristics are listed in the question, remember which of the objects have these properties, and select the most suitable object from the mentally composed list.
Riddles begin to guess when the principle of their creation is mastered. The best help with this is not to suggest a solution, but to indicate the direction in which to look for an answer.
You will need to arm yourself with knowledge that will lead to a guess. For example, puzzles about natural phenomena are based mainly on the results of long-term observations. Using tools, various objects, we can note the basic properties of objects that are recognized in riddles.
An understanding of the content and logic of riddles must be prepared by getting acquainted with the world around us - factual knowledge and accumulated experience help to create logical constructions and facilitate the guessing process.
