Prevention of hypertension is extremely important for every person, even absolutely healthy. Most people do not attach serious importance to increased pressure figures, believing that the most dangerous result will be a short headache. Is it really? Of course no.
What is hypertension and why is it dangerous, should know not only doctors, but also the general public. This is a serious disease that is terrible for its complications. Over time, high blood pressure begins to stretch the heart, interfere with its normal functioning and injure blood vessels throughout the body. The result is severe disturbances on the part of all organs, especially the kidneys, brain, and heart muscle.
Hypertension is recommended to be prevented as early as possible, especially if there are a number of predisposing factors described below. This will help to avoid the development of complications and reduce the quality of life.
Who is at risk?
As already mentioned, the prevention of arterial hypertension is an urgent activity for any person. With age, mechanisms inevitably arise, leading to an increase in pressure in the vessels. Their logical consequence is the appearance of the disease.
Unfortunately, in some individuals, pathological changes in the body occur much earlier and are more intense. In many cases, it is these patients who have a severe course of the disease, with high rates on the tonometer and a large number of complications.
To prevent this allows timely prevention of hypertension. First of all, it is recommended to those who belong to the risk group - these are people who are affected by various harmful factors. They are not the direct cause of the pathology, but they "push" the body to its occurrence. The most common and dangerous ones are listed below:
- Genetic addiction. To determine it, it is enough to analyze the presence of cases of the disease in the family. Particular attention should be paid to relatives, whose pressure increased at a young and middle age (up to 35 years),
- "Passive lifestyle. In the scientific literature, this condition is called "physical inactivity." Numerous studies have shown that lack of motor activity is the most common risk factor that patients often ignore.
- Regular overvoltage. Both physical and emotional stress deplete the body's resources. If they become familiar companions of a person, his protective systems weaken, and the regulation of various systems (circulatory, lymphatic, nervous, and others) is disrupted,
- Bad habits. Doctors call smoking and alcohol chronic intoxication for a reason. Poisoning substances received during the use of these “legal drugs” negatively affect not only the function of respiration and digestion. They are also absorbed into human blood, act on the walls of blood vessels and are carried throughout the body. Ultimately, this will invariably lead to the formation of various pathologies,
- Kidney disease. Very often, damage or malfunction of this organ provokes an increase in pressure. Why? There may be a delay in active sodium and water ions, which “overwhelm” the bloodstream. In addition, the kidneys produce a special hormone (renin) that causes arterial hypertension. Its amount also increases with damage / malnutrition of the kidney tissue,
- Overweight. Currently, everyone knows about the dangers of increased body weight. In this condition, a large amount of various fats (cholesterol, triglycerides and complex protein complexes) is contained in human blood. They can easily settle on the wall of an artery or vein, which leads to disruption of their work,
- Postmenopause. “A woman is protected by her hormones” is a famous statement by the Soviet gynecologist A.N. Rakhmanov is also true with respect to hypertension. Estrogens have a significant effect on the vascular wall, which prevents the occurrence of high blood pressure, in most cases. Unfortunately, after the end of menstruation, a woman loses her natural defense and becomes vulnerable to this disease.
The presence of even one of these factors is an occasion to begin the prevention of hypertension in the near future. Neglect of these measures with a high degree of probability will lead to the formation of pathology within a few years.
Prevention and treatment of hypertension
Modern methods of treating hypertension, as a rule, involve the simultaneous use of several drugs:
- Beta-blockers: Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol, Propranolol, etc.,
- ACE inhibitors: enalapril, fosinopril, captopril,
- Calcium Antagonists: Amlodipine, Nifedipine,
- Diuretic drugs: Spironolactone, Diacarb and others.
- Read more in the article all about drugs to reduce blood pressure.
Their effectiveness is not in doubt, however, the use of significant doses of medications is always a risk of side effects. That is why the task of any doctor is to reduce the dosage of the drug, without prejudice to health. How to treat hypertension so that this principle is respected? The answer is lifestyle correction. This will help not only adequately cope with the disease, but also prevent its occurrence. The proven and most effective measures for the prevention and treatment of hypertension are presented below.
Nutrition and healthy foods
The diet for arterial hypertension has only two strict rules that patients must observe:
- Salt restriction. In the monograph of Professor Storozhakov, the daily norm of this product for the prevention or treatment of the disease is clearly indicated - no more than 6 grams. However, in real life it is almost impossible to accurately measure its amount in the diet. In order not to burden themselves with complex calculations, the doctors made a clear recommendation - do not add food, do not eat smoked meats and “salinity”. This is enough to maintain the optimal concentration of trace elements and water in the patient’s body,
- Refusal of high-calorie dishes. Eating with high blood pressure (hypertension) should prevent the action of one very harmful factor - excess cholesterol and blood fats. The amount of these substances increases in the blood with the use of fatty foods and easily digestible carbohydrates. Their most typical representatives are flour and oil-fried dishes, mayonnaise, sour cream, fast food.
Other nutritional changes are advisory, but they are also important for the health of the patient. First of all, you should regularly use healthy foods for hypertension, which contain a sufficient concentration of trace elements (potassium, calcium, magnesium) and protein. Optimally complement the usual diet of plant foods, lean meat (chicken or beef) and skim milk products.
Exercise and physiotherapy
Almost all loads increase pressure - this fact is widely known and it is absolutely correct. So why do doctors recommend that you perform various physical exercises for hypertension? Numerous studies of domestic and foreign clinicians have proved that body training affects not only the muscular system, but also the following elements of the body:
- Cardiac muscle - with regular exercise in therapeutic exercises for hypertension or its analogies, the heart can more easily tolerate everyday stress and stressful situations. This is expressed in maintaining a normal frequency of contractions (not more than 90 beats / min) and an adequate ejection of blood in one stroke. Over time, the number of episodes of pressure increase, palpitations, and other unpleasant symptoms of hypertension decreases.
- Vessels - the muscles in the wall of this organ, like the heart tissue, adapt to various physical activities, which improves the patient’s well-being,
- Adipose tissue - a combination of proper nutrition and regular exercise is an excellent complement to the prevention and treatment of hypertension. These measures will allow bringing the amount of “blood fats” closer to normal and reducing the patient’s weight (if necessary).
Excerpt from the air RIA news about exercises for hypertensive patients
These positive effects can be achieved in various ways. In addition to classical gymnastics, patients can do yoga with hypertension. Contrary to popular belief, this is not just a set of exercises, but also a special condition of the whole body. Due to the training of the body, the formation of proper breathing and mental attitude, this method is an excellent prevention and treatment procedure. However, it is important that all practice takes place under the guidance of an experienced specialist - this will reduce the likelihood of errors and negative phenomena.
What other physical education options are there?
An excellent combination is swimming and hypertension. Very often, this disease affects people with pathologies of bones or joints, who find it difficult to make active movements. Such a situation can occur in the presence of osteoarthritis, various arthritis (rheumatoid, psoriatic, ankylosing, etc.) and osteochondrosis. It is problematic for this group of patients to perform even a simple set of exercises on land, as they experience pain and discomfort in damaged tissues. According to associate professor N.S. Volchkova, training in water is the best solution in this case.
In addition to the above methods, the exercises on a stationary bike with hypertension, light running, athletic walk and even regular walks have a proven effect, at least 30-40 minutes 2-3 times a day. Each of these procedures will reduce the likelihood of developing the disease and improve the effect of the therapy.
Breathing exercises
How important is therapeutic respiration for hypertension? Undoubtedly, it has additional significance in therapy, but with regular practice, the technique helps to improve the quality of life of the patient. At present, the most popular respiratory gymnastics A.N. Strelnikova.
The positive effect of this method of breathing in hypertension is realized thanks to two main mechanisms:
- Direct effect on nerve structures. The inhalation technique described in Strelnikova’s gymnastics slows down the work of special regulatory (sympathetic) centers. Their main "area of activity" is the narrowing of blood vessels and the formation of high blood pressure. Reducing their influence allows you to balance the speed of blood flow and reduce the likelihood of damage to arteries,
- Improving the nutrition of kidney tissue. As mentioned above, the kidneys are largely responsible for the occurrence of hypertension. With their ischemia (lack of oxygen supply), the production of the hormone renin, which provokes an increase in blood pressure, increases. The saturation of blood with oxygen, which occurs during breathing exercises, interrupts this mechanism and prevents the formation of the disease or its complications.
Training and practice of therapeutic respiration for hypertension will not take much time, but, despite this, it is rarely used. The positive effect of the use of gymnastics compensates for all the efforts expended, as it helps the patient to prevent the occurrence of the disease or make its course more favorable.
What is impossible with hypertension?
Patients with this disease often have to change their usual daily routine to stop the progression of the pathology. These changes relate not only to nutrition, but also to habits, the nature of work, daily activities, rest regimen and some other nuances. Only subject to the recommendations of doctors, the therapy will be quite effective.
What is impossible with hypertension, and what limitations are patients forced to observe? The main points on the correction of lifestyle are reflected in the table:
| Contraindications | Reason for the ban | How much should be limited? |
| Alcohol | If the patient is not prescribed medication, alcohol for hypertension can use, but under two mandatory conditions:
| |
| Tobacco | The effects of nicotine and phenol-formaldehyde resins found in any cigarette can lead to persistent spasm of the artery wall and a sharp increase in pressure. | Hypertension and smoking are incompatible concepts that interact with each other. Therefore, tobacco should be completely excluded from life. |
| Excessive physical activity (including professional sports) | During physical overload of the body, acceleration of blood flow and arterial hypertension always occur. | Exercise for hypertension should be strictly normalized. Currently, the following recommendations from the "Russian Cardiology Society" are in force:
|
| Stress and emotional stress | The first reaction of the body that occurs in response to this factor is the activation of sympathetic centers and pronounced vasoconstriction. Among the contraindications for hypertension, this point is of fundamental importance. | In real life, it is extremely difficult to talk about “eliminating stress,” since partly this factor is not controlled by the patient. However, everything possible should be done to limit the effect of emotional overload - to form a positive attitude, try to abstract from problems and look for their rational solution. |
| Occupational hazards | Most industrial emissions are similar to tobacco. However, their damaging effect on blood vessels and toxicity are much higher. | If the patient has the opportunity to leave the harmful production - the doctor definitely recommends this when the disease occurs. Otherwise, you should be more careful about personal safety and use appropriate protective equipment (respirators, masks, air filters, etc.). |
| These substances directly affect blood vessels and the heart, leading to accelerated blood flow. | Completely exclude, since their intake can lead to a sharp jump in blood pressure. | |
| Lack of regular rest and lack of sleep (including night shifts) | Our nervous system is a very complex and sensitive structure. Any change in the usual daily routine can lead to disruption of the heart and blood vessels. | Famous cardiologist, professor A.A. Gorbachenkova developed the following recommendations for correcting the work / rest regime:
|
How to get rid of hypertension forever?
Even 21st century science is not able to cure the patient of this pathology. Unfortunately, most patients pay attention to the state of their body, only after the appearance of severe symptoms. Their presence, in most cases, is a manifestation of a significant change in the structure of blood vessels, heart and various organs.
Currently, there is only one adequate answer to the question “How to get rid of hypertension forever?”. Prevent its occurrence. If your close relatives suffered from this pathology, you are affected by harmful factors that provoke a rise in pressure, you have repeatedly encountered kidney diseases - do not wait for the development of the disease, but try to prevent it. Adjust your lifestyle and pay attention to prevention methods.
An additional positive effect can be achieved with medical and breathing exercises. But paramount for any patient is the exclusion of exposure to harmful factors. Are you still writing “how to get rid of hypertension” in your browser’s search bar in search of an unknown or exotic technique? Prevention is the only effective remedy.
FAQ
During the day, the blood flow rate changes repeatedly, which leads to an increase / decrease in pressure. This is influenced not only by psychological and physical stress, but even by the time of day. It is possible to establish the presence of a pathology and start its therapy (especially medication) only after 3-fold detection of deviations from the norm (more than 140/90 mm Hg), for several days at rest. This is the main criterion for diagnosis.
In case of any interference with one’s own health, it is recommended to discuss the planned actions with your local GP or general practitioner. This will avoid possible errors or inefficient measures.
For a healthy person who has not previously suffered from this disease, the optimal numbers are 120/80 mm Hg. Deviations within the range of 15-20 units are possible for the first digit, no more than 10. If the patient is a chronic hypertonic, the pressure should be reduced gradually to avoid adverse reactions (dizziness, impaired renal function, severe weakness, etc.). In this situation, an individual norm is determined for each patient. As a rule, it is in the range of 140/90 mm Hg.
An integrated approach, lifestyle correction, and dietary changes - when all these recommendations are followed, the likelihood of developing a disease is significantly reduced (by about 85-90%).
There are a large number of disorders leading to this condition: atherosclerosis, hyperthyroidism, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, hyperaldosteronism, glomerulonephritis, etc. Their identification and timely treatment helps to cope with the disease and prevent the occurrence of complications.
Prevention of Arterial Hypertension
Arterial hypertension (hypertension, hypertension) is one of the most common diseases of our time, while it leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases, with the advent of which life becomes not a joy. Arterial hypertension (AH) -periodic or persistent increase in blood pressure (BP). According to the World Health Organization, it was found that a safe level of blood pressure is less than 140/90 mm Hg.
Classification of Blood Pressure Levels
Invisible killer
So doctors call hypertension. Her cunning is that it often proceeds unnoticed by the patient. Typically, a “novice” hypertensive person attributes the first symptoms of the disease to fatigue. Indeed, after a short rest, the condition improves, but ... not for long. Over time, hypertension progresses and light intervals become shorter. The danger of a stroke has already appeared on the horizon, and the patient is still postponing a trip to the doctor.
The most offensive is that the diagnosis of hypertension is quite simple. It is enough to have a normal blood pressure monitor at home and regularly monitor your pressure. It is especially important for those who are at risk for this disease:
- Men 35-50 years old, women after menopause.
- Those who drink alcohol daily, especially strong ones.
- People experiencing chronic stress (for example, residents of megacities), acute or prolonged emotional stress.
- Smokers.
- Salty food lovers.
- People with a sedentary lifestyle, especially those who are overweight and obese.
- Relatives of patients with hypertension: if you had a mom, dad or grandmother, it is likely to develop with you.
Heart under the gun
There is such a thing - target organs of arterial hypertension. These are the heart, kidneys, brain, and blood vessels. It is they who take the first blow of the disease.
The higher the pressure, the greater the load the heart works. Over time, it increases (hypertrophies), but this cannot happen indefinitely. The "fiery motor" wears out, which threatens heart failure. The vessels are also damaged - they have to withstand the increasingly strong blood pressure. Over time, they become less elastic, brittle. Where it is thin, there it breaks: the likelihood of hemorrhages increases, including in the brain. In addition, due to hypertension, the vessels are spasmodic, and persistent spasm helps maintain a constantly increased pressure - and the vicious circle closes.
On prescription
Currently, there are many drugs in the arsenal of doctors for the treatment of hypertension. As a rule, in cases of severe hypertension, it becomes necessary to combine several drugs. However, they usually start with small or moderate doses of one drug in order to avoid sharp fluctuations in pressure and possible adverse reactions.
Many modern drugs not only fight hypertension, but also have other positive properties. For example, they protect target organs, have a prolonged effect - it is enough to take one tablet of the dosage recommended by the doctor, and the therapeutic effect is enough for a whole day.
Also ask your doctor for various healing methods. It can be reflexology, acupuncture, massage, physiotherapy exercises. Perhaps, in addition to taking medications, it is worth using infusions of herbs, vitamins.
Easier to warn ...
Nevertheless, it is better to prevent the development of hypertension and to take timely preventive measures.
| What pressure is considered normal? | ||
|---|---|---|
| Age | Systolic (upper) pressure | Diastolic (lower) pressure |
| Up to 1 year | 85–100 | 35–45 |
| 1-2 years | 85–105 | 40–50 |
| 3–7 years old | 86–110 | 55–63 |
| 8-16 years old | 93–117 | 59–75 |
| 17–20 years old | 100–120 | 70–80 |
| 21-60 years old | no higher than 140 | no higher than 90 |
Exercise stress. Walking, swimming, running, exercise machines - choose to your taste, all this is useful. Remember only that sports should be regular: it’s better every day for 15-30 minutes, than 2 times a week for several hours. Increase the load gradually. This is especially true for hypertensives - during intense training, systolic (upper) pressure can rise sharply. Exercise in combination with diet helps to reduce excess weight and train the cardiovascular system well.
Diet limiting salt and animal fats. Norma is a teaspoon of salt per day. Do not forget about its content in ready-to-eat foods. Eliminate or significantly limit fast food, smoked meats, canned food, mayonnaise, pickles. Replace fried steamed, grilled and in the oven, and butter - vegetable. Choose low-fat varieties of fish and meat, low-fat dairy products.
Emotions management. Stress is one of the main causes of the development of hypertension. If you are unable to exclude factors leading to it from life, try to change your attitude towards what is happening. Do not make an elephant out of a fly, clearly define for what reason it is worthwhile to be anxious, and for what reason not. If there is enough willpower, master the methods of psychological unloading - meditation, auto-training.
