The name and coverage of the road signs is the basis on which all other knowledge of car drivers is based. Without them, it is impossible to make a single maneuver without fear for your life. So how to remember and understand the names and areas of action?
This question is especially acute for novice drivers. Due to the lack of practical, and sometimes theoretical knowledge, beginners often have accidents. But this can be avoided by understanding once and for all, for example, what is the coverage area of road signs.
About road signs
Everything that should and must be known and, of course, fulfilled is described in the SDA. Traffic signs, coverage areas of each group are contained in the Rules. Without knowing these basics, the driver will immediately get into an accident, as soon as he leaves the road.
Each road sign has its own name. And the duty of any driver is to study them. The person driving the vehicle must first remember the name of the sign. This is the basis. Then it will be easier to determine what it means and where it acts.
Important knowledge is their area of action. Each group of signs has its own. This is the name of the distance at which the driver, without fail, must obey one or another technical element of the organization of movement. Without this knowledge, he will never know whether he can minimize, slow down or increase speed, turn around and so on.
Let's look at some signs.
Warning
These technical means of traffic organization inform in advance about the impending danger.
The area of operation of traffic signs indicating the approach to a section of the road where the driver will have to take measures appropriate to the situation is not defined. After all, the main property of these road elements is a warning. They are installed outside the city for 150-300 m from the danger zone, and in it - for 50-100 m. Some are repeated to attract the attention of drivers.
The duty of the vehicle manager is the timely recognition of warning technical means of traffic management and the adoption of appropriate measures.
Priority signs
One of the few groups. However, they do not lose importance from this. With the help of priority signs, the passage of intersections is regulated, the order of passage in narrow sections of the road and other places where there are no traffic lights or a traffic controller is determined. That is, this group indicates who should pass first and who should give in.
The coverage of priority road signs extends to the intersection in front of which they are installed. It is worth noting that if at the intersection there are both a traffic light and these means of traffic control, then the order of travel is decided first. Signs lose their power and are simply not taken into account.
They are located either directly in front of the intersection, or for 50-100 m in the city, and outside it - for 150-300 m. The exception is the sign "Main road". It is repeated. The first sign outside the city is located 100-150 meters, and the second - immediately in front of the intersection.
This rule applies only when the main road changes direction, that is, it does not continue directly. Then a sign is placed under it, which indicates where it turns.
Sign Coverage Area
This group of technical means of organizing traffic indicating the obligatory direction for specific sections of the carriageway, compliance with the high-speed regime, designating parts of the road intended for the passage of certain types of vehicles. Their violation threatens a considerable fine for the driver.
The coverage of traffic signs that belong to this group is to the intersection in front of which they are directly installed. Separate attention is required when crossing with a dividing strip or zone.
Prescriptive signs indicating the direction of travel for vehicles have an effect on the entire intersection until the next signposted one. That is, if there is a “Straight ahead” sign, then car drivers must not turn anywhere before and after the dividing strip (or zone). A designated intersection is a road intersection on which one or more priority signs are installed.
The coverage area may be limited by additional information signs. These labels are located below. They have the form - the numbers indicated between the two vertical arrows (the tip is directed upwards) on a white rectangle. Located under the sign, they mean the extent to which the driver is obliged to move in the indicated direction (at a certain speed and so on).
Thus, the coverage does not end after the designated intersection. So, for example, under the sign "Maximum Speed Limit" a plate is installed indicating the length of 500 m. So, the coverage area is 500 m. And the countdown is carried out immediately from the sign in the forward direction.
When a sign is located in front of intersections between which the distance is less than 50 m, its effect extends to both.
It is the driver’s responsibility to follow directions, speeds, and other things that signs require. Non-compliance will result in a fine or deprivation of the right to drive vehicles.
Service Signs
A group of these driving arrangements is aimed at informing drivers about the location of services or services in the direction of travel.
The coverage area of the service road signs is similar to the warning ones.
The duty of the driver is the ability to recognize this group of technical means of organizing traffic. And the right is the ability to use the service objects located in accordance with the signs.
Coverage Area
This group of technical means of organizing traffic introduces or cancels driving modes, reports on the location of settlements and other objects. As such, they have no coverage. Traffic signs of this group are located along the roadway, and are canceled by the same, but with a diagonal red line.
The latter report termination. For example, a blue rectangle with a white arrow, the tip of which is directed upwards, indicates that there is no oncoming lane on this roadway. The action area ends after the sign "End of the one-way road." Visually, this is the same rectangle with a white arrow, but already on which it is crossed out by a diagonal red line from right to left.
However, some may be installed with a sign of additional information. It indicates the extent of the information-indicating devices of the organization of travel. The combination data is installed and “read” in the same way as warning signs plus a plate.
It is the responsibility of drivers to comply with the driving modes that this group enters or cancels. And also take into account the information that is indicated on these technical means of organizing travel.
Prohibition Road Signs
This group of means of traffic organization introduces or vice versa removes certain restrictions in some places on the roadway.
The driver is obliged to comply with them, because the fine is the smallest that he can get for the violation. Human lives are much more expensive than a couple of minutes saved, do not forget about it.
The range of prohibitory traffic signs is to the nearest designated intersection, if they are not installed in combination with signs. The latter lengthen or shorten it. If an additional information sign is installed under it, the coverage area corresponds to the value indicated on it. Therefore, it is very important to know how one or another tablet is “read”.
It is worth paying attention to the road sign “Stop is prohibited”, the coverage of which extends exclusively to the side of the road where it is installed. The same rule applies to the sign "Parking is prohibited."
Temporary signs
The main purpose of this type of traffic management devices is the abolition of permanent ones, in connection with repair or other events. Temporary signs are outwardly similar to the main ones, but on a yellow background. In the SDA there are several means of organizing traffic that never become permanent. Despite this, they are also depicted on a yellow background.
The coverage of temporary road signs depends on which group they belong to:
- Warning - do not have a coverage area.
- Priority - only one sign can be temporary “Advantage of oncoming traffic”. The coverage area ends beyond the bridge, a narrow section of the road and other places where simultaneous two-way passage is difficult.
- Prohibitory - several signs are exclusively temporary. The rest are canceled by the same device for organizing movement, but on a yellow background and with four thin black diagonal lines from right to left.
- Information and indicative - the group has several temporary signs that do not have similar constants. They either recommend a detour, or depict its outline.
- Service - are not temporary.
1.35 "Section of the intersection."
1.35. “Crossroads Section”. Designation of approaching an intersection, the section of which is marked with a marking 1.26 and which is forbidden to exit if there is a traffic jam ahead of the route, which will force the driver to stop, creating an obstacle for the vehicles to move in the transverse direction, except for turning right or left in cases established by these By the rules.
Sign 1.35 is set at the intersection border. If it is impossible to establish a road sign at complex intersections at a crossroads border, it shall be installed at a distance of no more than 30 meters from the crossroads border.
Warning signs 1.1, 1.2, 1.5-1.33 outside settlements are installed at a distance of 150-300 m, in settlements at a distance of 50-100 m before the start of a hazardous area. If necessary, the signs can be installed at a different distance, which in this case is indicated on the plate 8.1.1.
Signs 1.13 and 1.14 can be installed without a sign 8.1.1 immediately before the descent or ascent, if descents and ascents follow each other.
Sign 1.25 when conducting short-term work on the roadway can be installed without a sign 8.1.1 at a distance of 10-15 m to the place of work.
Sign 1.32 is used as temporary or in signs with a variable image in front of the intersection, from where it is possible to detour a section of the road on which a traffic jam has formed.
Outside of settlements, signs 1.1, 1.2, 1.9, 1.10, 1.23 and 1.25 are repeated. The second sign is installed at a distance of at least 50 m before the start of the hazardous area. Signs 1.23 and 1.25 are repeated in the settlements directly at the beginning of the hazardous area.
2.5 "Movement without stopping is prohibited."
It is forbidden to move without stopping in front of the stop-line, and if it is not there, in front of the edge of the intersected roadway. The driver must give way to vehicles moving along the intersected, and if there is a sign 8.13 - along the main road.
Sign 2.5 can be installed in front of a level crossing or quarantine post. In these cases, the driver must stop in front of the stop line, and in the absence of it - in front of the sign.
3.4 "The movement of trucks is prohibited."
The movement of trucks and convoys of vehicles with a permitted maximum mass of more than 3.5 tons (if the mass is not indicated on the sign) or with a permitted maximum mass greater than that indicated on the sign, as well as tractors and self-propelled vehicles, is prohibited.
Sign 3.4 does not prohibit the movement of trucks intended for the transport of people, vehicles of federal postal service organizations that have a white diagonal strip on a blue background on the side, or trucks without a trailer with a permitted maximum weight of not more than 26 tons that serve enterprises, located in the designated area. In these cases, vehicles must enter and leave the designated area at the intersection closest to the destination.
3.33 "The movement of vehicles with explosive and flammable cargo is prohibited."
The movement of vehicles engaged in the transport of explosives and products, as well as other dangerous goods subject to marking as flammable, is prohibited, except in cases of transportation of these dangerous substances and products in a limited quantity, determined in accordance with the procedure established by special transportation rules.
Signs 3.2 - 3.9, 3.32 and 3.33 prohibit the movement of the respective types of vehicles in both directions.
Signs do not apply:
3.1 - 3.3, 3.18.1, 3.18.2, 3.19 - on route vehicles,
3.27 - for fixed-route vehicles and vehicles used as a passenger taxi, at stops of fixed-route vehicles or parking of vehicles used as a passenger taxi, marked with markings 1.17 and (or) signs 5.16 - 5.18, respectively.
3.2, 3.3, 3.5 - 3.8 - for vehicles of federal postal service organizations that have a white diagonal strip on a blue background on the side surface and vehicles that serve enterprises located in the designated area, and also serve citizens or belong to citizens residing or working in the designated area. In these cases, vehicles must enter and leave the designated area at the intersection closest to the destination,
3.28 - 3.30 - on vehicles driven by people with disabilities, transporting people with disabilities, including children with disabilities, if the identification sign "Invalid" is installed on these vehicles, as well as on vehicles of federal postal organizations that have a white diagonal strip on the side on a blue background, and in a taxi with the taximeter on,
3.2, 3.3 - on vehicles driven by people with disabilities of groups I and II, carrying such disabled people or children with disabilities, if the identification symbol "Disabled" is installed on these vehicles,
The coverage area of signs 3.16, 3.20, 3.22, 3.24, 3.26-3.30 extends from the place of installation of the sign to the nearest intersection behind it, and in settlements, if there is no intersection, to the end of the settlement. The signs are not interrupted at the exit points from the territories adjacent to the road and at the intersection (junction) with field, forest and other secondary roads in front of which the corresponding signs are not installed.
The effect of the sign 3.24, established in front of the settlement indicated by the sign 5.23.1 or 5.23.2, extends to this sign.
Sign coverage may be reduced:
for signs 3.16 and 3.26 using the plate 8.2.1,
for signs 3.20, 3.22, 3.24 by installing at the end of their area of action signs 3.21, 3.23, 3.25, respectively, or by using the plate 8.2.1. The range of the sign 3.24 can be reduced by setting the sign 3.24 with a different value of the maximum speed,
for signs 3.27-3.30 by installing at the end of their operation repeated signs 3.27-3.30 with a plate 8.2.3 or using a plate 8.2.2. Sign 3.27 can be used together with marking 1.4, and sign 3.28 - with marking 1.10, and the range of signs is determined by the length of the marking line.
Signs 3.10, 3.27-3.30 apply only to the side of the road on which they are installed.
Rule number 1. Traffic Signals
Surely, both drivers and pedestrians saw how traffic controllers show not only the signals prescribed by the rules, but almost every car personally escorted to the desired turn. And all because motorists do not always remember what the signs given by the traffic controller mean. We will fix it!
Signals of the traffic controller have the following meanings:
36.1. arms extended to the sides or lowered:
36.1.1. from the side of the left and right sides it is allowed: tram - straight ahead, for other vehicles - straight and right, pedestrians - cross the carriageway,
36.1.2. from the chest and back: all vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited,
36.2. right arm extended forward:
36.2.1. from the left side it is allowed: by tram - movement to the left, to other vehicles - movement in all directions,
36.2.2. from the chest: all vehicles are allowed to move only to the right,
36.2.3. from the right side and back: all vehicles are prohibited, pedestrians are allowed to cross the carriageway behind the traffic controller,
36.3. hand raised up: all vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited in all directions.
To remember the signs of the traffic controller there is a simple poem familiar to many.
The stick is directed upward - she tells everyone to stand.
If the stick is looking into the mouth - make a right turn.
If the stick looks to the right - you have no right to go.
Если палка смотрит влево — куда хочешь, едешь смело.
“Голые” грудь и спина — для водителя стена.
Правило №2. Остаточная высота рисунка протектора
С помощью этой запоминалки можно раз и навсегда усвоить показатели минимальной остаточной величины рисунка протектора. Если она ниже, то к участию в дорожном движении транспортное средство не допускается.
Passenger car tires have a residual tread height of less than 1.6 mm, trucks - 1 mm, buses - 2 mm, motorcycles and mopeds - 0.8 mm.
For memorization, we will use a small table and the abbreviation MGLA
- Motocycle (Moped), Gcargo, Lekkova, Ato the globe.
